Tunisians voted Sunday in their first presidential election since the 2011 revolution that sparked the Arab Spring, in a ballot set to round off an often fraught transition to democracy.
The polls closed at 1700GMT. The election commission has until November 26 (Wednesday) to announce the result. A run-off vote will be held at the end of December if there is no outright winner.
The favourite among 27 candidates was former premier Beji Caid Essebsi, an 87-year-old veteran whose anti-Islamist Nidaa Tounes party won a parliamentary election last month.
According to preliminary estimates by Sigma Institute, Essebsi gained 42,7% while outgoing president Moncef Marzouki received 32,6%.
Essebsi’s campaign manager Mohsen Marzouk told reporters that he has a “large lead,” but that a second round was likely. The campaign managers of outgoing president Moncef Marzouki said that their candidate would take place in a second round, though they did not provide numbers.
Other candidates included several ministers who served under ousted dictatorZine El Abidine Ben Ali, leftwinger Hamma Hammami, business magnate Slim Riahi and a lone woman, magistrate Kalthoum Kannou.
Whatever the outcome, many Tunisians saw the election as a milestone in the North African country, where for the first time they could freely choose their president.
“This election is very important. It’s the culmination of the revolution and something that we really should not pass up,” said an electoral observer who gave his name only as Moez.
Bechir Yahyaoui could hardly control his emotions as he voted in the Tunis district of Hay el-Khadhra, saying that for once he was “voting for who I want, with no pressure, no bribes”.
“Before (under Ben Ali) you had to go and vote, regardless of the outcome. This time the election is free and transparent,” he said.
Some 5.3 million people were eligible to vote, with tens of thousands of police and troops deployed to guarantee security amid fears Islamist militants might seek to disrupt polling day.
“The impression we got was that things were moving a bit more slowly than they did in the parliamentary elections in October, perhaps reflecting a bit of disillusionment with the politicians after four years of flux,” said FRANCE 24 correspondent Chris Moore from Tunis. “There’s also the fact that the role of the president is more symbolic and less important under the current constitution than the Prime Minister or parliament.”
‘Historic day’
Polling stations opened at 0700 GMT and closed at 1700 GMT, but voting was restricted to just five hours in about 50 localities near the Algerian border, where armed groups are active.
Turnout was estimated at nearly 58 percent an hour and a half before polling ended.
Prime Minister Mehdi Jomaa hailed the vote.
“It’s a historic day, the first presidential election in Tunisia held under advanced democratic norms,” he said. “God willing, it will be a great festival of democracy.”
EU election observers interviewed by FRANCE 24 agreed, indicating that all had gone smoothly and there was little chance of fraud.
Tunisia has won international plaudits for largely steering clear of the violence, repression and lawlessness of other Arab Spring states such as neighbouring Libya.
“Tunisians are taking part in a rare thing in nations who rose up against autocrats in 2011. They are choosing who they want to take the country forward with a ballot box and in relative peace,” said FRANCE 24 correspondent Chris Moore from Tunis.
“Tunisia has a new constitution in place and a new parliament and this new presidential poll will be the final part of the jigsaw.”
Until the revolution, Tunisia knew only two presidents—Habib Bourguiba, the “father of independence” from France in 1956, and Ben Ali, who deposed him in a 1987 coup.
To prevent another dictatorship, presidential powers have been restricted under a new constitution, with executive prerogatives transferred to a premier drawn from parliament’s top party.
‘Long live Tunisia’
Frontrunner Essebsi ran on a campaign of “state prestige”, a slogan with wide appeal to Tunisians anxious for instability to end.
Supporters argue only he can stand up to the Islamists who first held power in the post-Ben Ali era, but critics charge he is out to restore the old regime, having served under both former presidents.
“Long live Tunisia,” Essebsi said as he voted in a suburb of the capital.
Marzouki, who argues that only he can preserve the gains of the uprising, voted near the city of Sousse, south of Tunis.
Protesters demonstrating against his bid for re-election were kept at bay by police, an AFP reporter said.
The Marzouki camp accused Essebsi supporters of planning to attack the incumbent when he arrived to vote.
Critics have accused Marzouki of having forged a pact “with the devil” in 2011 when he joined a coalition with the moderate Islamist party Ennahda.
Ennahda, which came second in the parliamentary election, did not put up a candidate and invited its members “to elect a president who will guarantee democracy”.
“The polls are an important turning point for Tunisia, the outcome of a whole process that will allow Tunisians to decide their future,” said veterinary professor Jamel Shemli.
Whoever wins, tackling the faltering economy will be a top priority, with unemployment, a leading cause of the revolution, running at 15 percent.
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